Kerosene-burner for melting-furnaces and similar uses.



L. T. KUEHL.

KEROSENE BURNER FOR MELTING FURNACES AND SIMILAR USES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.15, 1909.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

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L. T. KUEHL.

KEROSENE BURNER FOR MELTING FURNACES AND SIMILAR USES.

AFPLIGATION FILED APR.15, l909 Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

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SAES ATEN FIE LUDWIG T. KUEI-IL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR 'IO GEORGE C. J. KUEHL, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

KEROSENE-BURNER FOR MELTING-FURNACES AND SIMILAR USES.

' skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention has general reference to kerosene burners for melting furnaces and similar uses; and it consists, essentially, in the novel and peculiar combination of parts and details of construction, as hereinafter first fully set forth and described, and then pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings already referred to, which serve to illustrate this invention more fully, Figure l is an end-elevation of a tilting melting furnace fitted with my improved burner and appliances necessary for the proper functioning of this burner. Fig. 2

is a plan of the same. Fig. 8 is a side-elevation, and Fig. 4 a longitudinal sectional elevation taken on line m of Fig. 1, in the direction of the arrow shown therein. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of a stationary melting furnace supplied with my improved burner and appliances. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan of the same taken on line y y of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side-elevation of the burner detached. Fig. 8 is a sectional elevation of the same taken on line 2 a of Fig. 7. Figst) is a plan of a fragment of the igniting pan. Fig. 10 is a sectional elevation of the burner as constructed for use with a forced draft. Fig. 11 is an elevation of a fragment of the burner showing the air-regulating sleeves in a position where the air-supply openings are partly shut off.

7 Like parts are designated by corresponding symbols and characters in all the various figures.

The objectof this invention is the production of a liquid fuel burner for melting furnaces and similar uses, that shall be well adapted for burning crude petroleum, kerosene oil and the similar heavier hydrocarbon fluids. To attain this object, I construct this burner of a tube A, perforated with a series Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 15, 1809.

Patented Feb. 22, 1910.

Serial No. 489,994.

of holes or apertures 5, there being a laterally-projecting flange 2, at the upper end of said tube A by means of which, and screws 3, said burner-tube A is removably attached to a baseplate 4E, forming a part of a melting or assay furnace B. To the lower end of this burner-tube A is, preferably removably, affixed a pan C, there being in said pan a series of upwardly-projecting lugs 6, the inner surfaces of which fit over the lower end of said burner-tube A, a sliding fit, two or more of said lugs 6 being provided with pins 7, adapted to engage right-angled slots 8 on the lower end of the burner-tube, whereby said pan may be removably held to the burner-tube A in the manner of a bayonet joint.

Surrounding the tube A there are, preferably two, sections of tubular sleeves F, F, respectively, as clearly shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 11, the lower one, F, resting upon the upper ends of the lugs 6, and the upper one, F, bearing upon the upper edge of the sleeve F. These sleeves are perforated with a series of holes 9, corresponding in size and position with those in the tube A, the object of these sleeves being to provide means for regulating the supply of air to the burner, as will hereinafter more fully appear. There are handles 11, on the sleeves F F by means of which they may be rotated in an obvious manner.

The burner A is supplied with liquid fuel by a pipe 17, entering the burner-tube A from its side, said pipe 17 being downwardly bent so as to discharge the fuel approximately in the center of the pan C, and the sleeves F F are notched at their 0pposite edges as shown at 10 in Fig. 7 so as to permit rotation of said sleeves and at the same time limit their movement so that the air-supply to the burner can-never be entirely shut off, such a position being illustrated in Fig. 11 on Sheet 1 of the drawings.

The liquid fuel is contained in a tank located anywhere on the premises and slightly elevated above the burner, and is conducted to the discharge tube 17 from said tank D, by a pipe 15, in which there is placed a stopvalve 16. This pipe terminates in a nozzle 12, which is located some distance above a funnel 18, attached to the upper end of a pipe 13, which pipe 13 connects with the discharge pipe 17. The object of this arrangement is to permit the liquid fuel 19 discharged from the nozzle 12 to be in plain sight so that the drops or a small stream of said liquid fuel may be readily observed and the amount of the fuel regulated by the shut-off valve 16. This construction is necessary in tilting furnaces Where the oil-supply should be in a disconnected condition from the furnace so that the latter can be tilted without breaking a joint in the supplypipe, and it is also desirable in stationary furnaces, although not a necessity. These stationary furnaces are usually placed in a pit, with their top-plate 35 level with, or slightly elevated above, the floor, and they have a base 36, usually of rectangular shape and serving as an ashpit; but in my present construction this base is arranged to receive the burner A, and in order that ready access may be had to the burner to initially heat the same, I place a door 37, of ample size in this base as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. The furnace proper comprises, in addition to the base 36 with the bottom plate 4 and the topplate 35,asheet-metal shell 38, and an inner fire-brick lining 22, which lining tapers at its lower end to afford an outwardly-flaring passage 20, which latter passage serves as a continuation of the burner-tube A, there being in said flaring portion 21 projections 23, whereupon the crucible E is supported, these projections 23 continuing upwardly in the tilting furnaces to embrace the belly of the crucible E and thereby prevent the latter from tipping over when the furnace is being tilted.

The stationary furnace has a side passage 51 below the top-plate 35 to connect the combustion chamber of the furnace with the flue 24 of the chimney G for the purpose of utilizing the natural draft of the chimney to supply the burner with sufficient oxygen to consume the carbon in the fuel and it also serves to carry off the obnoxious fumes from the molten metal and the products of com bustion of the fuel. This chimney is always desirable whether the burner functions with a natural draft or a forced air supply, and in the latter case I conduct the air from a rotary blower, fan-blower, or other air compresser (not shown), into the base of the furnace by a suitable pipe 52. In this case I may discard the regulating sleeves around the burner-tube A, for the reason that the supply of air to the burner can be regulated by a butter-fly valve 53, or other suitable contrivance.

The tilting furnace comprises two standards 25, 26, having bearings at their upper end Within which trunnions 27, located on opposite sides of the furnace-shell 38, oscillate. The standard 25 has also a projecting stud 28, upon which is mounted a hand wheel 29, and a pinion 30, the latter meshing with a spur-wheel 31, secured to one of the trunnions 27. By revolving this hand-wheel 29 the furnace proper is tilted in an obvious manner.

In order that the tilting furnace may be readily disconnected from its chimney or smoke stack G without separating the individual parts thereof, I connect with the passage 51 therein an elbow 54:, securely fastened to the shell 38 with one of its members, and slip over its other, vertical, member a pipe-section 55, with one end, the other end entering the fixed or suspended smoke stack G. In the lower end of this smoke stack there is a right-angled excision or slot 56, and near the lower end of the movable section 55 there is a projecting stud or button 57 by means of which the movable section 55 when telescoped into the stack G, may be locked thereto bayonet-joint fashion. This method of connecting the furnace proper with the smoke stack may also be employed in furnaces where the gases of combustion etc., escape through a stack located in the topplate 35, and in the latter case the movable section 55 furnishes a ready means for examining the interior of the furnace when in operation in melting metal.

When the tilting furnace is to be operated with a forced air supply, I construct the burner A with a .surrounding acket 58, suthciently larger in diameter than the pan (J, to afford an annular space 59, through which the air from the supply-pipe 52 passes to the burner A. In this jacket I provide a doorof ample size to admit access to the pan G, and in order that this supply-pipe 52 may be readily disconnected from the jacket 58 when the furnace is to be tilted, I provide the supply-pipe 52 with a movable section 61, and connect the same with the jacket 58 by a bayonet-joint 63, all as clearly illustrated in Figs. 3 and 10.

In a burner adapted to burn crude petroleum, kerosene oil, and similar hydrocarbon fluids, it is essential that the air-supply be proportionate to the amount of fuel to be consumed in order to produce the high temperature in the melting chamber. This supply of air varies with the varying conditions of the atmosphere, its humidity, the direction of the wind, the atmospheric pressure, and also with the height of the stack G, and in order to enable me to regulate this air-supply with the utmost precision, I have located the sleeves F F over the burnertube A so that by separately adjusting these sleeves the air-supply immediately above the pan C as well as near the combustion passage 20, which as a matter of fact forms a continuation of the mixing tube A, can be so regulated as to produce the very best results in the combustion of the fuel under all the varying conditions of the atmosphere &c.

In foundry practice it is usual to lift the crucible E out of the furnace by means of tongs specially designed for this purpose,

through the opening in the top-plate 35, which opening is always covered by a plate 64, loosely placed thereon. This plate 64 I prefer to pivot to the top-plate 35 by a pin 68, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3; and that the molten metal in the pot E may be poured from the furnace without lifting it, I provide therein a tap-hole 66, which is closed by a stopper 65, preferably of refractory material, the hole being lined with clay, 67, Fig. 1, so that the stopper 65 may be readily withdrawn from the tap-hole and also to prevent molten non-ferric metals from coming in contact with the ferric shell 38.

The operation of this burner is substantially as follows; WVhen the furnace is to be started, liquid fuel is allowed to run into the pan until the latter is nearly full, and which is generally sutlicient to initially heat the same, there being placed in this pan asbestos fiber, for obvious purposes, and the oil ignited, and when this fuel has sufficiently heated the burner-tube and the supply-tube. i

the supply of liquid fuel will be evaporated and converted into gas, and the proper amount of oxygen being admitted to combine with the carbon in the fuel, the intense heat required for melting metal is attained. In larger furnaces, and wherever necessary, I may install two or more of these burners to furnish the required heat.

In the foregoing specification I have described the preferred form of construction of this present device, but I desire it understood that changes in the details of construction may be made without departing from the scope of my invention.

Having thus fully described this invention, I claim as new and desire to secure to me by Letters Patent of the United States 1. As an improved article of manufacture, a burner for melting furnaces, comprising a perforated burner-tubehaving an outwardlyprojecting flange at its upper end; a furnace-member, and means for removably securing said tube to said furnace member; a pan below said perforated tube and removably secured thereto, a plurality of sleeves upon the outer surface of said tube, there being perforations in said sleeves substantially registering with the perforations in said tube, and means for rotating said sleeves upon said tube, there being means in each of said sleeves for limiting their rotative movement.

2. A kerosene burner, comprising a perforated tube; a furnace-member; means on said tube for removable attachment thereof to said furnace member; a pan at the lower end of said tube; a liquid-supply pipe, said pipe entering said burner tube and having a downward bend to discharge the liquid approximately in the center of said pan; a jacket surrounding said burner tube; an airsupply pipe for said burner, there being in said air-supply pipe a telescopic section, and means for locking the telescopic section to said pipe, there being means for regulating the air-supply.

3. A kerosene burner, comprising a perforated tube; a liquid fuel supply pipe in said tube; a pan below said tube; and a combustion chamber above said burner-tube, there being a flaring passage in said combustion chamber and projections in said flaring passage to divide said passage into independent branches; there being means upon the outer surface of said burner-tube adapted to regulate the supply of air to the burner tube, said means including a plurality of sleeves and means on said sleeves for independently actuating the same, and further means for limiting the movement of each sleeve.

4. The combination, with a furnace, including a melting chamber, of a burner attached to said furnace, said burner including a perforated tube having a laterallyprojecting flange at its upper end; means for securing said tube by its flange to said furnace; a pan at the lower end of said tube, there being upwardly projecting lugs in said pan adapted to removably secure the said pan to said tube; a dischargepipe in said tube adapted to discharge liquid fuel approximately in the center of said pan; two sleeves on the outer surface of said tube, said sleeves being perforated with holes approximately registering with those in said burner tube; means for independently rotating said sleeves upon said tube, there being notches in the adjacent ends of said sleeves for the passage of said discharge tube, said notches being adapted to limit the rotative movement of said sleeves.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

L. T. KUEHL.

WVitnesses:

Geo. KUEHL, MICHAEL J. STARK. 

